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1 hold
I 1. həuld past tense, past participle - held; verb1) (to have in one's hand(s) or between one's hands: He was holding a knife; Hold that dish with both hands; He held the little boy's hand; He held the mouse by its tail.) holde, bære2) (to have in a part, or between parts, of the body, or between parts of a tool etc: He held the pencil in his teeth; She was holding a pile of books in her arms; Hold the stamp with tweezers.) holde3) (to support or keep from moving, running away, falling etc: What holds that shelf up?; He held the door closed by leaning against it; Hold your hands above your head; Hold his arms so that he can't struggle.) holde (oppe)4) (to remain in position, fixed etc when under strain: I've tied the two pieces of string together, but I'm not sure the knot will hold; Will the anchor hold in a storm?) holde (fast)5) (to keep (a person) in some place or in one's power: The police are holding a man for questioning in connection with the murder; He was held captive.) holde fanget/tilbake6) (to (be able to) contain: This jug holds two pints; You can't hold water in a handkerchief; This drawer holds all my shirts.) romme, inneholde7) (to cause to take place: The meeting will be held next week; We'll hold the meeting in the hall.) (av)holde8) (to keep (oneself), or to be, in a particular state or condition: We'll hold ourselves in readiness in case you send for us; She holds herself very erect.) holde (seg)9) (to have or be in (a job etc): He held the position of company secretary for five years.) ha/bekle en stilling, sitte som10) (to think strongly; to believe; to consider or regard: I hold that this was the right decision; He holds me (to be) responsible for everyone's mistakes; He is held in great respect; He holds certain very odd beliefs.) nære, ha11) (to continue to be valid or apply: Our offer will hold until next week; These rules hold under all circumstances.) gjelde, holde (seg), stå ved makt12) ((with to) to force (a person) to do something he has promised to do: I intend to hold him to his promises.) holde noen til noe, få en til å følge13) (to defend: They held the castle against the enemy.) holde, verne mot14) (not to be beaten by: The general realized that the soldiers could not hold the enemy for long.) holde ut mot15) (to keep (a person's attention): If you can't hold your pupils' attention, you can't be a good teacher.) holde oppmerksomheten16) (to keep someone in a certain state: Don't hold us in suspense, what was the final decision?) (av)holde, feire17) (to celebrate: The festival is held on 24 June.) eie, besitte, sitte/ligge inne med18) (to be the owner of: He holds shares in this company.) holde (seg), vare ved19) ((of good weather) to continue: I hope the weather holds until after the school sports.) (vente) et øyeblikk20) ((also hold the line) (of a person who is making a telephone call) to wait: Mr Brown is busy at the moment - will you hold or would you like him to call you back?) holde (tonen)21) (to continue to sing: Please hold that note for four whole beats.) ta vare på22) (to keep (something): They'll hold your luggage at the station until you collect it.) inneholde, (ville) bringe23) ((of the future) to be going to produce: I wonder what the future holds for me?)2. noun1) (the act of holding: He caught/got/laid/took hold of the rope and pulled; Keep hold of that rope.) tak, grep, hold2) (power; influence: He has a strange hold over that girl.) makt, tak, grep3) ((in wrestling etc) a manner of holding one's opponent: The wrestler invented a new hold.) grep, (bryte)tak, hold•- - holder- hold-all
- get hold of
- hold back
- hold down
- hold forth
- hold good
- hold it
- hold off
- hold on
- hold out
- hold one's own
- hold one's tongue
- hold up
- hold-up
- hold with II həuld noun((in ships) the place, below the deck, where cargo is stored.) lasteromarrest--------bevare--------ha--------hank--------holde--------skaft--------skjefte--------takIsubst. ( holden) \/həʊld\/1) ( også overført) tak, grep, hold2) ( overført) innflytelse, makt, kontroll, tak, grep3) håndtak4) ( bryting) brytetak, grep5) støtte, feste6) ( gammeldags) fengsel, forvaring, varetekt7) ( gammeldags) fort, festningcatch hold of ta tak iget hold of gripe tak ihave a hold on someone ha makt over noen, ha noen i sitt grep, ha innflytelse over noenkeep a firm hold of holde et fast grep omput\/keep something on hold legge noe på is, utsette noe til senererelease one's hold slippe takettake hold begynne å virke, begynne å få effektIIsubst. \/həʊld\/( sjøfart eller luftfart) lasteromhold cargo lastIII1) holde, holde i• could you hold the ladder for me?2) bære, holde oppe3) tåle4) omfavne, holde omkring5) ( handel) holde på varene, ikke selge6) holde (tilbake), holde på, holde i varetekt, holde fengslet7) holde av, reservere8) oppbevare9) ( også overført) holde, beholde• one pizza, please, and hold the anchoviesen pizza uten ansjos, takk10) eie, ha, besitte, være i besittelse av, inneha11) bekle, inneha, sitte i (om stilling, verv, posisjon)12) ha plass til, romme, ta13) inneholde, romme• what does the future hold for us?15) arrangere, avholde, holde (møte, fest e.l.)16) holde seg, vare (ved), vedvare, fortsette• will the fine weather hold?17) fortsette (i en bestemt retning)19) nære, ha (ideer)20) holde fast ved, stå ved21) holde for (å være), regne for (å være), anse for (å være)23) stå ved makt, være gyldig, gjelde, stå fast, stå ved lag24) (amer., slang, narkotika) ha stoff på seg, besitte stoffhold! ( gammeldags) holdt!, stopp!, vent!hold against legge til lasthold an opinion ha en mening, være av en meninghold back holde tilbake, stanse, stoppeskjule, holde skjult, hemmeligholde, fortie sette av, legge av, sparestille seg avventende, forholde seg avventende, nøle, tvile, innta en avventende holdninghold by fastholde, holde fast ved, stå ved rette seg etter, la seg lede av like, ha sansen forhold court være midtpunkt for alles oppmerksomhethold down holde nedebeholde, bli ihold everything! stopp!hold firm holde fast vedhold forth ( ofte nedsettende) snakke i vei, dosereholde for sannsynlighold good være sann, være gyldighold hard! ( britisk) stopp!hold in tøyle, holde i tømmene, beherskeholde tilbakehold in with holde seg inne med, holde seg til venns medhold it! vent litt!, stopp en halv!hold land sitte på landeiendommerhold off holde på avstand, holde fra livet• hold your dog off!holde seg på avstand, holde seg bortevente (med), utsette, drøye (med)hold office sitte ved makten, regjerehold on holde fast holde på plass holde på, holde uthold on! vent litt!, stopp en halv!hold one's breath holde pustenhold oneself well ha god holdninghold one's ground holde stand, ikke bøye av, ikke vikehold one's nose holde seg for nesenhold one's own holde stillingen, klare seg brahold one' s tongue\/peace holde munn, tie, være stillehold one's way gå videre, fortsette på sin veihold on to holde (seg) fast iholde (fast) på, holde fast ved sitte påhold out strekke ut, strekke frem, rekke ut, rekke frem, holde ut, holde fremtilby, gi, loverekke, vare, strekke til• will the food hold out?holde til, oppholde seg holde stand, holde ut, stå i mothold out for stå fast på kravet om avvente, vente til man fårhold out on someone ( hverdagslig) holde tilbake for noen, unnlate å fortelle hele sannheten til noen gi blaffen i ønskene til noenhold over utsettebeholde inntil videre, holde tilbake, sette til side ( jus) beholde embete\/eiendom lenger enn avtalt la fortsette utover fastsatt tid( skogbruk) overholdehold shares sitte på aksjer, sitte med aksjerhold someone cheap ikke ha høye tanker om noenhold someone dear holde av noen, være glad i noenhold someone in contempt forakte noen, nære forakt for noen, ringeakte noenhold someone in honour holde noen i ære, ære noenhold someone's hand ( overført) holde noen i hånden, gi noen moralsk støttehold someone to bail ( jus) avkreve noen kausjonhold something against someone laste noen for noe, la noe telle i noens disfavør, legge en noe til last, bruke noe mot noenhold something back from someone holde noe unna noenhold something over someone la noe utgjøre en konstant trussel for noen, bruke noe som pressmiddel overfor noenhold together holde sammen, binde sammenhenge sammenhold someone to her\/his promise tvinge noen til å holde sitt løftehold that eller hold the view that være av den oppfatning at, mene athold the line ( telekommunikasjon) holde forbindelsen, ikke legge på ( overført) ikke gi etter for presshold the market dominere markedethold the reins ( overført) holde i tømmenehold the stage dominere en samtalehold the title to ha rett på, inneha retten tilhold tight holde seg fasthold trumps ha trumf på hånden, sitte med trumf på håndenhold to stå ved, fastholde, holde fast vedhold up rekke opp, holde opp, holde i været, heve, løfte( til beskuelse) holde frem, vise frem, stille opp holde oppe, støtte holde ut, holde motet oppe stå seg, holde hindre, oppholde, (for)sinke, forhale( om kort) holde tilbake rane, overfalle, plyndrehold up one's head ( overført) holde hodet høythold up to utsette for, gjøre til gjenstand forhold up to ridicule gjøre til latter, latterliggjørehold your horses! (amer.) hold an litt!, stopp en halv!, brems litt!hold your noise! være stille!hold with ( hverdagslig) holde med være enig med være tilhenger av, støttenot hold by ( også) ikke like, mislike -
2 hold
I [həʋld] n мор.трюмIIafter [forward, main] hold - кормовой [носовой, главный] трюм
1. [həʋld] n1. удерживание; захват; хваткаto have hold of smth. - держать что-л.; держаться за что-л.
to take /to get, to catch, to seize, to grip, to lay/ hold of smth. - а) брать; хватать; хвататься за что-л.; catch hold of this rope! - хватайся за эту верёвку!; б) добывать; завладевать чем-л.
where did you get hold of that book? - где ты достал эту книгу?
to get hold of a secret - узнать тайну, овладеть тайной
to keep hold of /on/ smth. - не выпускать чего-л. из рук
to let go /to leave, to lose, to release/ one's hold of /on/ smth. - выпустить что-л. из рук
to lose one's hold on reality - оторваться от жизни; потерять чувство реальности
2. ( часто on, over, upon) власть; влияниеto get hold of smb. - приобрести власть над кем-л.
after a moment of panic he got hold of himself - после минутной растерянности он овладел собой
he has a great hold over his young brother - он имеет огромное влияние на своего младшего брата
the law has no hold on him - по закону с ним ничего нельзя сделать; закону он не подвластен
to keep a tight hold upon oneself - крепко держать себя в руках, владеть собой; не давать себе распускаться
3. то, за что можно ухватиться; опора; захват, ушкоthe rock gives no hold for hand or foot - на скале не за что ухватиться и некуда поставить ногу
4. хранилище, вместилище5. арх. тюрьма, место заключения; тюремная камера6. 1) убежище, укрытие, приют2) логово, берлога7. заказ, требование8. арх. арест; заключение в тюрьму9. арх. крепость10. спорт.1) захват ( борьба)no holds barred - а) все захваты разрешены ( борьба); б) все средства хороши
2) держание мяча11. кино жарг. «холд», удавшаяся часть съёмки, произведённой в течение съёмочного дня12. муз. фермата13. спец. фиксация14. 1) ав. задержка ( вылета)there will be a hold on all takeoffs until the fog has dispersed - все вылеты отменяются (до тех пор), пока не рассеется туман
2) косм. задержка при предпусковой подготовкеscheduled [unscheduled] hold - плановая [внеплановая /непредвиденная/] задержка в операциях по предпусковой подготовке
♢
to keep a good hold of the land - мор. держаться близ берегаto get hold of the land - мор. привязываться к берегу; опознавать берега
2. [həʋld] v (held; held, уст. holden)I1. держатьto hold a pen [a brush, a spade] - держать перо [кисть, лопату]
to hold smb. in one's arms - а) обнимать, держать кого-л. в своих объятиях; б) держать кого-л. на руках
to hold fast to smth. - крепко держаться за что-л., вцепиться во что-л. [ср. тж. 4 и ♢ ]
the wounded man was holding fast to the railings - раненый крепко держался за ограду
only the goalkeeper may hold the ball in soccer - в футболе только вратарь может брать мяч в руки /касаться мяча руками/
to hold a threat of disclosure over smb.'s head - держать кого-л. под угрозой разоблачения
2. удерживать, сдерживать; задерживать; останавливатьthe driver could scarcely hold the horses - возница с трудом сдерживал лошадей
to hold smb. from a rash venture - удержать кого-л. от необдуманного поступка
to hold one's breath - затаить /сдерживать/ дыхание, не дышать
to hold fire - воен. не открывать огонь; воздерживаться от ведения огня
will they hold (up) the bus till we get there? - они задержат автобус до нашего прихода?
there's no holding him - его невозможно удержать /остановить/; он не знает удержу
3. владеть, иметь; быть владельцем, держателемthe grandson now holds the estate and the title - теперь имение и титул перешли к внуку, теперь внук является владельцем имения и носителем титула
4. удерживать; сохранять контроль (над чем-л.)to hold a fort [position] against the enemy - удерживать форт [позицию] от наступающего противника [см. тж. ♢ ]
to hold the record - спорт. держать рекорд
to hold (the) pace - спорт. держать скорость шага
to hold fast - воен. стойко держаться [ср. тж. 1 и ♢ ]
5. вмещать, содержать в себеwill this suit-case hold all your clothes? - поместится ли вся твоя одежда в этот чемодан?
the evening held a lot of surprises for us all - вечер был полон неожиданностей для всех нас
sea-water holds many salts in solution - в морской воде содержится много солей в растворённом виде
6. держать, хранить (что-л. где-л.)my money is held at the bank - мои деньги хранятся в банке; я держу свои деньги в банке
7. 1) полагать, считать, находитьI hold it good - я считаю, что это хорошо
I hold him to be wrong [responsible for it] - я считаю, что он не прав [что он за это отвечает]
to hold in esteem /in respect/ - уважать, относиться с почтением
to be held in esteem /in respect/ - пользоваться уважением
to hold in abhorrence - гнушаться; питать отвращение, омерзение
to hold a thing to be impossible - считать что-л. невозможным
we hold these truths to be self-evident - мы почитаем само собой разумеющимися следующие истины
to be held worthy of smth. - считаться достойным чего-л.
2) юр. признавать, решать; выносить (судебное) решениеthe court held that... - суд признал /решил, нашёл/, что...
8. содержать под стражей; держать в тюрьмеhe was held on a charge of theft - он был задержан по обвинению в воровстве
to hold prisoner [hostage] - держать в плену [заложником]
to hold captive - а) держать в плену; б) привязывать (аэростат и т. п.)
9. (of, from) уст. зависеть (от кого-л.); быть обязанным (кому-л. - правом, титулом)10. уст. подвергаться (чему-л.); терпеть, выносить (что-л.)11. уст. обязывать; вынуждатьII А1. 1) выдерживать (тяжесть, напряжение)will the rope [the ice] hold? - выдержит ли верёвка [лёд]?
this wall won't hold a hook bearing a heavy picture - на эту стену нельзя вешать тяжёлую картину на крюке
2) поддерживать, держать; нести (тяжесть чего-л.)2. продолжаться, держаться, стоять (о погоде и т. п.)the fair weather is holding - стоит /держится/ ясная погода
if the frost holds we shall have skating tomorrow - если мороз удержится, завтра можно будет кататься на коньках
3. (тж. to hold good, to hold true) иметь силу ( о законе); оставаться в силе (о принципе, обещании)does the principle still hold good? - остаётся ли этот принцип в силе?
the rule holds of /in/ all cases - правило применимо ко всем случаям
to hold good in law - иметь законную силу, быть юридически обоснованным
4. занимать (пост и т. п.)to hold a rank - иметь звание /чин/
to hold office - а) занимать пост; б) быть у власти ( о партии)
5. овладевать ( вниманием)to hold the attention of one's audience - заставить себя слушать, завладеть вниманием аудитории
to hold an audience spellbound - приковать к себе внимание слушателей, зачаровать слушателей
6. хранить, удерживать ( в памяти)I cannot hold all these details in my head /in my memory/ at once - я не могу сразу запомнить все эти подробности
hold the traditions which you have been taught - библ. держите предания, которым вы научены
7. придерживаться (взглядов, убеждений)to hold strange views - держаться странных взглядов; иметь странные убеждения
8. резервировать (места, билеты и т. п.)we asked them to hold a room for us - мы просили их оставить для нас номер
9. провести, устроить, организовать ( мероприятие)to hold a meeting [an election] - проводить собрание [выборы]
the election was held in November - в ноябре прошли /состоялись/ выборы
to hold a discussion [negotiations] - вести дискуссию [переговоры]
to hold a reception [a press conference] - устроить приём [пресс-конференцию]
to hold an examination - экзаменовать, проводить экзамен
to hold correspondence - вести переписку, переписываться
to hold a feast - пировать; устраивать пир
to hold an inspection - инспектировать, проводить инспекцию
to hold a service - церк. отправлять службу
the college will hold classes today - в колледже сегодня будут (проводиться) занятия
to hold an anniversary - отмечать /праздновать/ годовщину
10. не пропускать ( жидкость), быть непроницаемымto hold water - не протекать, не пропускать воду (о лодке и т. п.) [см. тж. ♢ ]
a leather bag will hold water but not petrol - в кожаном мешке можно держать воду, но не бензин
11. зажимать, затыкать (нос, уши)when I spoke she held her ears - когда я говорил, она затыкала уши
12. уст. биться об заклад, ставить ( ставку)13. зачать, понести ( о самке)II Б1. to hold smb., smth. in á position держать кого-л., что-л. в каком-л. положенииto hold oneself upright /erect/ - держаться прямо
hold yourself still - не шевелитесь, не двигайтесь
to hold oneself ready /in readiness/ (for smth.) - быть (всегда) готовым (к чему-л.)
to hold one's head high - а) высоко держать голову; hold your head (up)! - выше голову!; б) задирать нос, важничать, заноситься
to hold in place - прикреплять, держать
to be held in place by smth. - держаться на чём-л.
to hold in check - сдерживать, не пускать
to hold the enemy in position /to his ground/ - воен. сковывать противника
to hold on a point - спец. устанавливать в данной точке
2. to hold back from smth. /from doing smth./, to hold off from smth. /from doing smth./, to hold back on smth. /on doing smth./ воздерживаться от чего-л.to hold off from beer - воздерживаться от пива, не пить пива
buyers are holding back on purchases - ком. покупатели воздерживаются от закупок
3. to hold to /by/ smth. твёрдо держаться, придерживаться чего-л.to hold to a belief [by a principle] - твёрдо держаться какого-л. убеждения [какого-л. принципа]
to hold by /to/ an opinion - придерживаться мнения
I still hold to my former views - я остаюсь при старом мнении, я не изменил своих взглядов
I hold to what I have always said - я не отказываюсь от того, что всегда говорил
to hold by what N. says - прислушиваться к мнению N.
4. to hold smb. to smth. требовать от кого-л. соблюдения чего-л.to hold smb. to his promise - настаивать на выполнении кем-л. своего обещания
to hold smb. to terms - настаивать на соблюдении условий
the political principles that few would hold with - политические принципы, с которыми мало кто согласится
my father did not hold up with farming - занятие фермерством не нравилось моему отцу
6. to hold with smb.1) соглашаться с кем-л., придерживаться одинаковых взглядов с кем-л.I hold with you that this author is very talented - я, как и вы, считаю, что этот писатель очень талантлив
2) одобрительно относиться к кому-л.I can't hold with him, he is insupportable - я его не переношу, он невыносим
7. to hold in with smb. дружить с кем-л.8. to hold out for smth. стремиться к чему-л.to hold out for a higher wage offer [price] - добиваться более высокой зарплаты [цены]
9. to hold on for some place держать путь куда-л.♢
to hold copy - полигр. подчитывать ( корректуру)
to hold the sprint - спорт. бежать с предельной скоростью
to hold one's hand - воздержаться ( от действий); занять выжидательную позицию
to hold hand - уст. а) помогать; б) состязаться; успешно соперничать
hold fast /hard/! - а) стой!, подожди!; б) мор. стоп; [ср. тж. I 1 и 4]
to hold one's own /one's ground/ - а) сохранять свои позиции, не сдаваться; he can hold his own against anyone - он может постоять за себя перед кем угодно; он может дать отпор любому; he can hold his ground with the older boys - он не уступает старшим мальчикам; б) сохранять достоинство, самообладание; не поддаваться (болезни и т. п.)
the patient is holding his own - больной /пациент/ не теряет присутствия духа
to hold water - выдерживать критику; быть убедительным, логичным, обоснованным (о гипотезе, утверждении и т. п.) [см. тж. II А 10]
to hold it against smb. - иметь претензии к кому-л., иметь что-л. против кого-л.
he never remembers my birthday but I don't hold it against him - он никогда не помнит о моём дне рождения, но я не обижаюсь на него (за это)
to hold at bay см. bay2 I 2
to be left holding the bag см. bag1 I ♢
to hold a brief см. brief I 2
to hold smb. in (the hollow of one's) hand - держать кого-л. в кулаке, подчинить кого-л. полностью
he is neither to hold nor to bind - с ним никто не может справиться, с ним сладу нет
to hold in play - занимать (работой, развлечениями)
hold your horses! - а) ≅ легче на поворотах!; не выходите из себя!; б) подождите!; не торопитесь!
hold it! - а) подождите!; не торопитесь!; б) не двигайтесь!; не шевелитесь!
to hold the stage - а) театр. жарг. приковывать к себе внимание зрителей; затмить остальных актёров; б) затмить всё, отодвинуть на второй план всё остальное; в) держаться на сцене, не сходить со сцены ( о спектакле)
to hold one's tongue /one's peace/ - молчать, держать язык за зубами, прикусить язык
hold your noise /your row, сл. your jaw/! - перестань(те) шуметь!, замолчи(те)!
hold, enough! - уст. хватит!; замолчите!
to hold the fort - а) занимать твёрдую позицию, не уступать; «держать оборону»; б) поддерживать нормальную жизнь; вести дела (в отсутствии кого-л.); [см. тж. I 4]
a skeleton staff was left to hold the fort at the office on Saturdays - по субботам в учреждении оставались лишь немногие сотрудники для ведения необходимых дел
hold the fort! - амер. держитесь!
to hold cheap - ни в грош не ставить; не дорожить
to hold smth. lightly - не придавать чему-л. значения
to hold in store - готовить, предвещать
we cannot tell what the future may hold (in store) for us - мы не знаем, что нам сулит будущее
to hold one's sides with laughter - покатываться со смеху; хохотать до упаду
hold the line! - не вешайте трубку!, не кладите трубку! ( по телефону)
hold your hat! - разг. ≅ ну, теперь держись!
-
3 sea
si:
1. noun1) ((often with the) the mass of salt water covering most of the Earth's surface: I enjoy swimming in the sea; over land and sea; The sea is very deep here; (also adjective) A whale is a type of large sea animal.) mar2) (a particular area of sea: the Baltic Sea; These fish are found in tropical seas.) mar3) (a particular state of the sea: mountainous seas.) mar•- seawards- seaward
- seaboard
- sea breeze
- seafaring
- seafood
2. adjectiveseafood restaurants.) de marisco- seafront- sea-going
- seagull
- sea level
- sea-lion
- seaman
- seaport
- seashell
- seashore
- seasick
- seasickness
- seaside
- seaweed
- seaworthy
- seaworthiness
- at sea
- go to sea
- put to sea
sea n marby sea por mar / en barcoDel verbo ser: ( conjugate ser) \ \
sea es: \ \1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativoMultiple Entries: sea ser
sea,◊ seas, etc see ser
ser ( conjugate ser) cópula 1 ( seguido de adjetivos) to be◊ ser expresses identity or nature as opposed to condition or state, which is normally conveyed by estar. The examples given below should be contrasted with those to be found in estar 1 cópula 1 es bajo/muy callado he's short/very quiet;es sorda de nacimiento she was born deaf; es inglés/católico he's English/(a) Catholic; era cierto it was true; sé bueno, estate quieto be a good boy and keep still; que seas muy feliz I hope you'll be very happy; (+ me/te/le etc) ver tb imposible, difícil etc 2 ( hablando de estado civil) to be; es viuda she's a widow; ver tb estar 1 cópula 2 3 (seguido de nombre, pronombre) to be; ábreme, soy yo open the door, it's me 4 (con predicado introducido por `de'): soy de Córdoba I'm from Cordoba; es de los vecinos it belongs to the neighbors, it's the neighbors'; no soy de aquí I'm not from around here 5 (hipótesis, futuro): ¿será cierto? can it be true? verbo intransitivo 1b) (liter) ( en cuentos):◊ érase una vez … once upon a time there was …2a) (tener lugar, ocurrir):¿dónde fue el accidente? where did the accident happen?b) ( en preguntas):◊ ¿qué habrá sido de él? I wonder what happened to o what became of him;¿qué es de Marisa? (fam) what's Marisa up to (these days)? (colloq); ¿qué va a ser de nosotros? what will become of us? 3 ( sumar):◊ ¿cuánto es (todo)? how much is that (altogether)?;son 3.000 pesos that'll be o that's 3,000 pesos; somos diez en total there are ten of us altogether 4 (indicando finalidad, adecuación) sea para algo to be for sth; ( en locs) ¿cómo es eso? why is that?, how come? (colloq); como/cuando/donde sea: tengo que conseguir ese trabajo como sea I have to get that job no matter what; hazlo como sea, pero hazlo do it any way o however you want but get it done; el lunes o cuando sea next Monday or whenever; puedo dormir en el sillón o donde sea I can sleep in the armchair or wherever you like o anywhere you like; de ser así (frml) should this be so o the case (frml); ¡eso es! that's it!, that's right!; es que …: ¿es que no lo saben? do you mean to say they don't know?; es que no sé nadar the thing is I can't swim; lo que sea: cómete una manzana, o lo que sea have an apple or something; estoy dispuesta a hacer lo que sea I'm prepared to do whatever it takes; o sea: en febrero, o sea hace un mes in February, that is to say a month ago; o sea que no te interesa in other words, you're not interested; o sea que nunca lo descubriste so you never found out; (ya) sea …, (ya) sea … either …, or …; sea como sea at all costs; sea cuando sea whenever it is; sea donde sea no matter where; sea quien sea whoever it is; si no fuera/hubiera sido por … if it wasn't o weren't/hadn't been for … ( en el tiempo) to be;◊ ¿qué fecha es hoy? what's the date today?, what's today's date;serían las cuatro cuando llegó it must have been (about) four (o'clock) when she arrived; ver tb v impers sea v impers to be; sea v aux ( en la voz pasiva) to be; fue construido en 1900 it was built in 1900 ■ sustantivo masculino 1◊ sea humano/vivo human/living beingb) (individuo, persona):2 ( naturaleza):
ser
I sustantivo masculino
1 being: es un ser despreciable, he's despicable
ser humano, human being
ser vivo, living being
2 (esencia) essence: eso forma parte de su ser, that is part of him
II verbo intransitivo
1 (cualidad) to be: eres muy modesto, you are very modest
2 (fecha) to be: hoy es lunes, today is Monday
ya es la una, it's one o'clock
3 (cantidad) eran unos cincuenta, there were about fifty people (al pagar) ¿cuánto es?, how much is it?
son doscientas, it is two hundred pesetas Mat dos y tres son cinco, two and three make five
4 (causa) aquella mujer fue su ruina, that woman was his ruin
5 (oficio) to be a(n): Elvira es enfermera, Elvira is a nurse
6 (pertenencia) esto es mío, that's mine
es de Pedro, it is Pedro's
7 (afiliación) to belong: es del partido, he's a member of the party
es un chico del curso superior, he is a boy from the higher year
8 (origen) es de Málaga, she is from Málaga
¿de dónde es esta fruta? where does this fruit come from?
9 (composición, material) to be made of: este jersey no es de lana, this sweater is not (made of) wool
10 ser de, (afinidad, comparación) lo que hizo fue de tontos, what she did was a foolish thing
11 (existir) Madrid ya no es lo que era, Madrid isn't what it used to be
12 (suceder) ¿qué fue de ella?, what became of her?
13 (tener lugar) to be: esta tarde es el entierro, the funeral is this evening 14 ser para, (finalidad) to be for: es para pelar patatas, it's for peeling potatoes (adecuación, aptitud) no es una película para niños, the film is not suitable for children
esta vida no es para ti, this kind of life is not for you
15 (efecto) era para llorar, it was painful
es (como) para darle una bofetada, it makes me want to slap his face
no es para tomárselo a broma, it is no joke
16 (auxiliar en pasiva) to be: fuimos rescatados por la patrulla de la Cruz Roja, we were rescued by the Red Cross patrol
17 ser de (+ infinitivo) era de esperar que se marchase, it was to be expected that she would leave Locuciones: a no ser que, unless
como sea, anyhow
de no ser por..., had it not been for
es más, furthermore
es que..., it's just that...
lo que sea, whatever
o sea, that is (to say)
sea como sea, in any case o be that as it may
ser de lo que no hay, to be the limit ' sea' also found in these entries: Spanish: adentro - arrastrar - besugo - blanca - blanco - caballito - comunicar - cualquiera - elefante - ser - erizo - erotizar - espada - exclusión - flexible - gruesa - grueso - hipocampo - loba - lobo - lubina - mar - marina - marino - marítima - marítimo - negarse - nivel - no - oportuna - oportuno - orientarse - respeto - segundón - segundona - siquiera - sugestión - un - una - vía - agrado - alto - altura - barco - bendito - breve - bruma - caer - calma - Caribe English: above - apply - as - blast - calm - can - Caribbean - clingy - damn - danger - Dead Sea - devil - facing - however - lost - lung - matter - may - Mediterranean - mist - place - prospect - Red Sea - sea - sea dog - sea lion - sea mist - sea-fish - sea-green - sea-lane - sea-level - sea-water - shame - sink - so - South Sea Islands - spin out - splendid - though - urchin - view - voyage - whenever - whichever - whoever - whose - wonder - word - Adriatic - Aegeantr[siː]1 mar m & f■ the sea is calm/rough today la mar está serena/picada hoy■ a heavy/light sea una mar gruesa/llana1 marítimo,-a, de mar\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLat sea en el marby the sea a orillas del marout to sea mar adentroto be all at sea estar perdido,-a, estar confundido,-ato find one's sea legs acostumbrarse al mar, no marearseto go by sea ir en barcoto go to sea hacerse marineroto put (out) to sea zarpar, hacerse a la marto send something by sea enviar algo por marsea air aire nombre masculino de marsea anemone anémona de marsea bass lubina, róbalosea bird ave nombre femenino marinasea bream pagro, pargosea breeze brisa marinasea captain capitán nombre masculino de barcosea change cambio radical, metamorfosis nombre femeninosea cow manatí nombre masculinosea dog lobo de marsea fog brumasea green verde nombre masculino marsea horse caballito de mar, hipocamposea kale col nombre femenino marinasea legs equilibriosea level nivel nombre masculino del marsea lion león nombre masculino marinosea mile milla marina (6000 pies ó 1000 brazas ó 1828,8 metros)sea mist brumasea pink armenia marítimasea trout trucha de mar, reosea urchin erizo de marsea wall dique nombre masculino, rompeolas nombre masculino, malecón nombre masculino, espigón nombre masculinosea ['si:] adj: del marsea n1) : mar mfthe Black Sea: el Mar Negroon the high seas: en alta marheavy seas: mar gruesa, mar agitada2) mass: mar m, multitud fa sea of faces: un mar de rostrosadj.• marinero, -a adj.• marino, -a adj.n.• mar s.f.• mar s.m.• océano s.m.siː1) ca) (often pl) ( ocean) mar m [The noun mar is feminine in literary language and in some set idiomatic expressions]a house by the sea — una casa a orillas del mar, una casa junto al mar
to goavel by sea — ir*/viajar en barco
to put (out) to sea — hacerse* a la mar
we've been at sea for a month — hace un mes que estamos embarcados or que zarpamos
to dump waste at sea — verter* desechos en el mar
to feel/be at sea: this left him feeling completely at sea esto lo confundió totalmente; at first I was all at sea al principio me sentí totalmente perdido or confundido; (before n) <route, transport> marítimo; < battle> naval; < god> del mar; < nymph> marino; the sea air/breeze el aire/la brisa del mar; sea crossing — travesía f
b) ( inland) mar m2) (swell, turbulence) (usu pl)heavy o rough seas — mar f gruesa, mar m agitado or encrespado or picado
3) (large mass, quantity) (no pl)[siː]1. N1) (=not land) mar m (or f in some phrases)•
(out) at sea — en alta marto remain two months at sea — estar navegando durante dos meses, pasar dos meses en el mar
•
beside the sea — a la orilla del mar, junto al mar•
beyond the seas — más allá de los mares•
to go by sea — ir por mara house by the sea — una casa junto al mar or a la orilla del mar
•
heavy sea(s) — mar agitado or picado•
on the high seas — en alta mar•
on the sea — (boat) en alta mar•
rough sea(s) — mar agitado or picado•
to sail the seas — navegar los mares•
the seven seas — todos los mares del mundo•
in Spanish seas — en aguas españolas•
the little boat was swept out to sea — la barquita fue arrastrada mar adentroto go to sea — [person] hacerse marinero
to put (out) to sea — [sailor, boat] hacerse a la mar, zarpar
- be all at sea about or with sthnorth2) (fig)2.CPDsea anemone N — anémona f de mar
sea bathing N — baño m en el mar
sea battle N — batalla f naval
sea breeze N — brisa f marina
sea captain N — capitán m de barco
sea change N — (fig) viraje m, cambio m radical
sea crossing N — travesía f
sea defences NPL — estructuras fpl de defensa (contra el mar)
sea-greensea dog N — (lit, fig) lobo m de mar
sea lamprey N — lamprea f marina
sea legs NPL —
sea serpent N — serpiente f de mar
sea shanty N — saloma f
sea transport N — transporte m por mar, transporte m marítimo
sea turtle N — (US) tortuga f de mar, tortuga f marina
sea urchin N — erizo m de mar
* * *[siː]1) ca) (often pl) ( ocean) mar m [The noun mar is feminine in literary language and in some set idiomatic expressions]a house by the sea — una casa a orillas del mar, una casa junto al mar
to go/travel by sea — ir*/viajar en barco
to put (out) to sea — hacerse* a la mar
we've been at sea for a month — hace un mes que estamos embarcados or que zarpamos
to dump waste at sea — verter* desechos en el mar
to feel/be at sea: this left him feeling completely at sea esto lo confundió totalmente; at first I was all at sea al principio me sentí totalmente perdido or confundido; (before n) <route, transport> marítimo; < battle> naval; < god> del mar; < nymph> marino; the sea air/breeze el aire/la brisa del mar; sea crossing — travesía f
b) ( inland) mar m2) (swell, turbulence) (usu pl)heavy o rough seas — mar f gruesa, mar m agitado or encrespado or picado
3) (large mass, quantity) (no pl) -
4 down
I [daʊn]to go down — andare giù, scendere
to fall down — cadere (giù), crollare
is Tim down yet? — (from upstairs) è già sceso Tim?
"down" — (in crossword) "verticali"
down below — giù, in basso; (when looking down from height) laggiù
two floors down — due piani sotto o più giù
they live down south — colloq. vivono nel Sud
4) (in a range, scale, hierarchy)5) (indicating loss of money etc.)bookings are down by a half — le prenotazioni si sono dimezzate, sono diminuite della metà
profits are well down on last year's — i profitti sono nettamente inferiori a quelli dell'anno scorso
to get one's weight down — dimagrire, perdere peso
that's seven down, three to go! — fatti sette o via sette, ne restano tre!
7) (on list, schedule)I've got you down for Thursday — (in appointment book) le ho fissato un appuntamento per giovedì
to be down with the flu — avere l'influenza, essere a letto con l'influenza
9) sportto be two sets down — [ tennis player] essere in svantaggio di due set
10) (as deposit)11) (downwards)face down — a faccia in giù o prono
••••Note:Down often occurs as the second element in verb combinations in English ( go down, fall down, get down, keep down, put down etc.). For translations, consult the appropriate verb entry (go, fall, get, keep, put etc.). - When used after such verbs as sit or lie, down implies the action being done. Compare the following examples and their translations: she is sitting = lei siede / è seduta; she is sitting down = lei si siede / si sta sedendo. - For examples and further usages, see the entry belowII [daʊn]3) (along)4) (throughout)III [daʊn]1) colloq.to feel down — sentersi giù, a terra
3) inform. fuori uso, guastoIV [daʊn]verbo transitivo colloq.2) (drink)V [daʊn]he downed his beer — si è scolato o ha tracannato la sua birra
VI [daʊn]to have a down on sb. — colloq. avercela con qcn
1) (of birds) piumino m.2) (of body, plants) lanugine f., peluria f.* * *I 1. adverb1) (towards or in a low or lower position, level or state: He climbed down to the bottom of the ladder.)2) (on or to the ground: The little boy fell down and cut his knee.)3) (from earlier to later times: The recipe has been handed down in our family for years.)4) (from a greater to a smaller size, amount etc: Prices have been going down steadily.)5) (towards or in a place thought of as being lower, especially southward or away from a centre: We went down from Glasgow to Bristol.)2. preposition1) (in a lower position on: Their house is halfway down the hill.)2) (to a lower position on, by, through or along: Water poured down the drain.)3) (along: The teacher's gaze travelled slowly down the line of children.)3. verb(to finish (a drink) very quickly, especially in one gulp: He downed a pint of beer.)- downward- downwards
- downward
- down-and-out
- down-at-heel
- downcast
- downfall
- downgrade
- downhearted
- downhill
- downhill racing
- downhill skiing
- down-in-the-mouth
- down payment
- downpour
- downright 4. adjectiveHe is a downright nuisance!) assoluto- downstream
- down-to-earth
- downtown
- downtown
- down-trodden
- be/go down with
- down on one's luck
- down tools
- down with
- get down to
- suit someone down to the ground
- suit down to the ground II noun(small, soft feathers: a quilt filled with down.)- downie®- downy* * *down (1) /daʊn/n.● (geogr.) the Downs, la rada di Deal □ (geogr.) the South Downs, le colline gessose nel sud dell'Inghilterra.down (2) /daʊn/n. [u]2 [u] lanugine; peluria♦ down (3) /daʊn/A avv. e a. pred.1 giù: Put that book down, metti giù quel libro; They held him down, lo hanno tenuto giù (o a terra); He had his head down, teneva la testa giù; stava a capo chino; The flap of this envelope won't stay down, il lembo di questa busta non vuole star giù; to lie face down, giacere a faccia in giù; Keep down!, sta' giù!; He's awake, but not down yet, è sveglio, ma non è ancora sceso ( dalla sua camera); The blinds were down, le tapparelle erano giù (o abbassate); Her hair was down, aveva i capelli sciolti ( sulle spalle); The river is down, il fiume è in stanca, l'acqua del fiume è bassa; The sun was already down below the horizon, il sole è già sceso sotto la linea dell'orizzonte; The tide is down, la marea è calata; Get down off the table!, scendi giù dal tavolo!; He crouched down behind a bush, si è accovacciato dietro un cespuglio; They swam down to look at the wreck, sono scesi a nuoto per vedere il relitto; to fly from Inverness down to London, scendere in aereo da Inverness a Londra; He gulped down his coffee, ha trangugiato il caffè2 ( di cifra, valore) – to be down, essere sceso: ( sport) The gap is down to 20 seconds, il ritardo è sceso a 20 secondi; Unemployment is down by 3%, la disoccupazione è scesa del 3%; Exports are down to an all-time low, le esportazioni sono scese al minimo storico; Gold is down ( in price), l'oro è in ribasso; The Dow was down more than 50 points on yesterday, il Dow Jones ha perso 50 punti nel corso della giornata di ieri3 – to be down, essere sotto (fig.); ( anche sport) essere in svantaggio; ( nelle corse) essere in ritardo: (autom.) to be two laps down, essere in ritardo di due giri; The gambler was 10,000 dollars down, il giocatore era sotto di 10 000 dollari; They were three goals down with four minutes left to play, erano sotto di tre reti, con appena quattro minuti ancora da giocare; Two down at half time, we eventually won 4-2, in svantaggio di due gol alla fine del primo tempo, alla fine abbiamo vinto per 4 a 24 (comm.) come acconto: Five hundred dollars down and the remainder in instalments, un acconto di cinquecento dollari e il resto a rate5 per iscritto: to be [to get st.] down on paper, essere [mettere qc.] per iscritto; Write this number down, annotati questo numero; I took down the details of the job, mi sono scritto i dati relativi al lavoro6 in lista: Put me ( o my name) down for ten pounds, mettimi in lista per dieci sterline; Are you down for the football team?, sei in lista per la squadra di calcio?; I'm down for the late shift on Friday, mi hanno messo nell'ultimo turno venerdì7 giù (di morale); depresso: I'm feeling a bit down today, oggi mi sento un po' giù (di morale); He was very down after failing his exam, era molto giù dopo essere stato bocciato all'esame8 a partire dall'alto: You'll find it in the third drawer down, lo troverai nel terzo cassetto a partire dall'alto10 ( di un apparecchio, ecc.) fuori uso (o inattivo): My computer is down, il mio computer è fuori uso; All the phone lines are down, tutte le linee telefoniche sono inattive11 (fam.) a letto: to go (o to come) down with flu, finire a letto con l'influenza; He's down with flu, è a letto con l'influenza13 (idiom., per es.:) Nail the lid down!, inchioda il coperchio!; We went down to Sicily, siamo andati in Sicilia; When are you coming down for the weekend?, quando vieni a passare qui un fine settimana?; He's just gone down to the post office, è appena andato alla posta; I saw her down by the river, l'ho vista in riva al fiume; down at the end of the street, in fondo alla strada14 ( in alcune università ingl.) ( di un docente) non in servizio, in sabbatico; ( di uno studente) in vacanza; ( anche) espulso15 ( sport) ( della palla) fuori gioco; ( baseball: di un giocatore) eliminato; ( cricket: del wicket) abbattuto17 (nei verbi frasali, è idiom.; per es.:) to go down, andare giù; scendere; tramontare; ecc.; to come down, venire giù; to get sb. down, deprimere q.; ecc. (► to go, to come; to get; ecc.) NOTA D'USO: - up to o down to?-B inter.1 giù!; a terra!● (naut.) to be down by the head, essere appruato □ (naut.) to be down by the stern, essere appoppato □ (in USA) Down-Easter, abitante della Nuova Inghilterra (spec. del Maine) □ ( boxe) to be down for the count, subire il conteggio totale; essere contato fino a 10 □ ( boxe) to be down for a count of 8, essere contato fino a 8 □ down here, qui attorno; da queste parti □ (fam.) to be down in the mouth, essere abbattuto (o triste, scoraggiato) □ (fam.) to be down on sb., avercela con q.: She's been down on me since I criticized her work, ce l'ha con me da quando ho criticato il suo lavoro □ to be down on one's luck, attraversare un brutto periodo; essere messo male ( a soldi) □ to be down to sb., spettare (o toccare) a q.: It's down to you to find out a solution to the problem, tocca a te trovare una soluzione al problema □ to be down to st., essere dovuto a (o causato da) q.: The crash was thought to be down to fog, si riteneva che l'incidente fosse dovuto alla nebbia □ to be down to one's last st. –: By the end of the week I was down to my last five pounds, alla fine della settimana mi erano rimaste le ultime cinque sterline □ to put st. down to st., attribuire (la causa di) qc. a qc.: He put her symptoms down to tiredness, attribuiva i suoi sintomi alla stanchezza □ down south, giù nel sud □ down there, laggiù □ down to, fino a: Everything was planned down to the last detail, era tutto pianificato fino all'ultimo dettaglio; Her dress came down to her ankles, il vestito le arrivava alle caviglie; from the wealthiest aristocrat down to the poorest beggar, dal più ricco degli aristocratici al più povero dei mendicanti □ down-to-earth, ( di persona) realista, pratico; coi piedi per terra (fam.); ( di un progetto, ecc.) realistico, concreto □ (fam.) down to the ground, completamente; del tutto: This job suits her down to the ground, questo lavoro è assolutamente perfetto per lei □ (fam.) down under, dall'altra parte del mondo; agli antipodi; in Australia (o in Nuova Zelanda) □ down with, abbasso: Down with the dictator!, abbasso il dittatore! □ to come down to earth, tornare con i piedi per terra (fig.); aprire gli occhi (fig.) □ Three down, and four to go, tre sono fatti, e quattro (ancora) da fare.down (4) /daʊn/a. attr.(che va) in giù, verso il basso; rivolto in basso: a down escalator, una scala mobile che scende; a down arrow, una freccia in giù● down-and-dirty, nudo e crudo: down-and-dirty rock, rock nudo e crudo; to get down-and-dirty with sb., scoprire gli altarini di q. □ (ingl.) down draught, ( USA) down draft, corrente d'aria discendente □ (comm.) down payment, acconto □ (ferr.) down platform, marciapiede di partenza (o d'arrivo) di un «down train» □ down shaft ► downcast (2) □ a down train, un treno che dalla città principale (per es., Londra) porta in provincia.♦ down (5) /daʊn/prep.1 giù per; a valle di: She ran down the stairs, è corsa giù per le scale; to walk down a hill, andare giù per un colle; discendere un colle; down the drain, giù per il tubo di scarico; to sail down a river, navigare giù per (o verso la foce di) un fiume; scendere un fiume; The village is a few miles down the Thames, il villaggio è a qualche miglia scendendo il Tamigi2 lungo; per: down the corridor, lungo il corridoio; Her hair was hanging down her back, i capelli le scendevano lungo la schiena; He was running down the street, correva per la strada● down the left ( hand side), sulla sinistra; sul fianco (o sul lato) sinistro: A run down the left put him in a position to shoot, con una corsa sulla sinistra si è ritrovato in posizione di tiro □ (fam. USA) down the line, in linea gerarchica; facendo tutta la scala (fig.); ( anche) nei quartieri malfamati ( di una città) □ down the right ( hand side), sulla destra; sul lato (o sul fianco) destro □ down the road, più giù lungo la strada; (fig.) nel futuro: They live just down the road, abitano in questa strada, un po' più giù: How do you see yourself five years down the road?, come ti vedi nei cinque anni a venire? □ to get st. down in one, ingoiare (o buttare giù) qc. tutto d'un colpo □ to go down the pan (o the tubes), andare a farsi friggere: The whole project has gone down the pan, tutto il progetto è andato a farsi friggere.down (6) /daʊn/n.● (fam.) to have a down on sb., provare avversione (o antipatia) per q.; avercela con q.(to) down /daʊn/v. t. (fam.)1 trangugiare, scolarsi (fam.): to down a bottle of wine, scolarsi una bottiglia di vino: He downed his hot dog in three bites, ha trangugiato il suo hot dog in un paio di bocconi3 abbattere; atterrare● to down tools, incrociare le braccia; scioperare; ( di un sindacato) proclamare lo sciopero.* * *I [daʊn]to go down — andare giù, scendere
to fall down — cadere (giù), crollare
is Tim down yet? — (from upstairs) è già sceso Tim?
"down" — (in crossword) "verticali"
down below — giù, in basso; (when looking down from height) laggiù
two floors down — due piani sotto o più giù
they live down south — colloq. vivono nel Sud
4) (in a range, scale, hierarchy)5) (indicating loss of money etc.)bookings are down by a half — le prenotazioni si sono dimezzate, sono diminuite della metà
profits are well down on last year's — i profitti sono nettamente inferiori a quelli dell'anno scorso
to get one's weight down — dimagrire, perdere peso
that's seven down, three to go! — fatti sette o via sette, ne restano tre!
7) (on list, schedule)I've got you down for Thursday — (in appointment book) le ho fissato un appuntamento per giovedì
to be down with the flu — avere l'influenza, essere a letto con l'influenza
9) sportto be two sets down — [ tennis player] essere in svantaggio di due set
10) (as deposit)11) (downwards)face down — a faccia in giù o prono
••••Note:Down often occurs as the second element in verb combinations in English ( go down, fall down, get down, keep down, put down etc.). For translations, consult the appropriate verb entry (go, fall, get, keep, put etc.). - When used after such verbs as sit or lie, down implies the action being done. Compare the following examples and their translations: she is sitting = lei siede / è seduta; she is sitting down = lei si siede / si sta sedendo. - For examples and further usages, see the entry belowII [daʊn]3) (along)4) (throughout)III [daʊn]1) colloq.to feel down — sentersi giù, a terra
3) inform. fuori uso, guastoIV [daʊn]verbo transitivo colloq.2) (drink)V [daʊn]he downed his beer — si è scolato o ha tracannato la sua birra
VI [daʊn]to have a down on sb. — colloq. avercela con qcn
1) (of birds) piumino m.2) (of body, plants) lanugine f., peluria f. -
5 close
Ⅰ.close1 [kləʊs]proche ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (b), 1 (f) serré ⇒ 1 (d), 1 (g) attentif ⇒ 1 (e) mal aéré ⇒ 1 (h) près ⇒ 1 (a), 2 (a) étroitement ⇒ 2 (b)(a) (near in space or time) proche;∎ the library is close to the school la bibliothèque est près ou proche de l'école;∎ in close proximity to sth dans le voisinage immédiat de ou tout près de qch;∎ they're very close in age ils ont presque le même âge;∎ his death brought the war closer to home c'est avec sa mort que nous avons vraiment pris conscience de la guerre;∎ we are close to an agreement nous sommes presque arrivés à un accord;∎ at close intervals à intervalles rapprochés;∎ I saw him at close quarters je l'ai vu de près;∎ at close range à bout portant;∎ to be close at or to hand (shop, cinema etc) être tout près; (book, pencil etc) être à portée de main;∎ to be close to tears être au bord des larmes;∎ to be (very) close to victory être (tout) près de la victoire;∎ familiar I came close to thumping him one j'ai bien failli lui en coller une;∎ he keeps things close to his chest il ne fait guère de confidences;∎ to see sth at close quarters voir qch de près;∎ to give sb a close shave raser qn de près;∎ the bill was passed but it was a close thing la loi a été votée de justesse;∎ he managed to get elected but it was a close run thing il a été élu de justesse(b) (in relationship) proche;∎ they're very close (friends) ils sont très proches;∎ he's a close friend of mine c'est un ami intime;∎ a close relative un parent proche;∎ I'm very close to my sister je suis très proche de ma sœur;∎ he has close ties with Israel il a des rapports étroits avec Israël;∎ there's a close connection between the two things il y a un rapport étroit entre les deux;∎ the President consulted his closest advisers le président consulta ses conseillers les plus proches;∎ sources close to the royal family des sources proches de la famille royale;∎ a subject close to my heart un sujet qui me tient à cœur;∎ to keep sth a close secret garder le secret absolu sur qch∎ they stay in close contact ils restent en contact en permanence∎ it was a close contest ce fut une lutte serrée;∎ to play a close game jouer serré;∎ close finish arrivée f serrée(e) (thorough, careful) attentif, rigoureux;∎ pay close attention to what she says faites très attention ou prêtez une grande attention à ce qu'elle dit;∎ have a close look at these figures examinez ces chiffres de près;∎ upon close examination après un examen détaillé ou minutieux;∎ to keep (a) close watch or eye on sb/sth surveiller qn/qch de près;∎ I keep close control of the expenses je contrôle étroitement les dépenses;∎ in close confinement en détention surveillée(f) (roughly similar) proche;∎ his version of events was close to the truth sa version des faits était très proche de la réalité;∎ he bears a close resemblance to his father il ressemble beaucoup à son père;∎ it's the closest thing we've got to an operating theatre voilà à quoi se réduit notre salle d'opération∎ Military in close formation en ordre serré∎ it's very close in here on manque vraiment d'air ici;∎ it's terribly close today il fait très lourd aujourd'hui(i) (secretive) renfermé, peu communicatif;∎ he's very close about his private life il est très discret sur sa vie privée2 adverb∎ don't come too close n'approche pas ou ne t'approche pas trop;∎ I live close to the river j'habite près de la rivière;∎ did you win? - no, we didn't even come close avez-vous gagné? - non, loin de là;∎ she came close to losing her job elle a failli perdre son emploi;∎ to come close to death frôler la mort;∎ to come close to the world record frôler le record du monde;∎ they walked close behind us ils nous suivaient de près;∎ she lives close by elle habite tout près;∎ I looked at it close to or up je l'ai regardé de près;∎ close together serrés les uns contre les autres;∎ sit closer together! serrez-vous!;∎ it's brought us closer ça nous a rapprochés∎ he held me close il m'a serré dans ses bras3 noun∎ it's close on nine o'clock il est presque neuf heures;∎ she must be close on fifty elle doit friser la cinquantaine ou doit avoir près de cinquante ans(almost, nearly) presque;∎ the baby weighs close to 7 pounds ≃ le bébé pèse presque 3 kilos et demi►► Military close combat corps à corps m;Music close harmony tessiture f limitéeⅡ.close2 [kləʊz]fermer ⇒ 1 (a)-(d), 1 (j), 2 (a) conclure ⇒ 1 (e), 1 (h) arrêter ⇒ 1 (f) liquider ⇒ 1 (g) se refermer ⇒ 2 (b) se terminer ⇒ 2 (d) clôturer ⇒ 2 (e) fin, conclusion ⇒ 3(a) (shut → door, window, shop, book) fermer;∎ he closed his eyes and went to sleep il ferma les yeux et s'endormit;∎ figurative the committee had not closed the books on the inquiry le comité n'avait pas refermé le dossier de l'affaire;∎ to close one's eyes to sth fermer les yeux sur qch;∎ to close one's mind to sth refuser de penser à qch;∎ she closed her mind to anything new elle s'est fermée à tout ce qui était neuf(b) (opening, bottle) fermer, boucher;∎ figurative we must close the gap between the rich and the poor nous devons combler le fossé entre riches et pauvres(c) (block → border, road) fermer;∎ they've closed the airport ils ont fermé l'aéroport;∎ a road closed to motor traffic une route interdite à la circulation automobile(d) (shut down → factory) fermer;∎ they plan to close more rural stations ils ont l'intention de fermer d'autres petites gares de campagne∎ she closed the conference with a rallying call to the party faithful elle termina la conférence en lançant un appel de solidarité aux fidèles du parti;∎ a neat way of closing the discussion un habile moyen de clore la discussion;∎ the subject is now closed l'affaire est close∎ to close the books balancer les comptes, régler les livres;∎ to close the yearly accounts arrêter les comptes de l'exercice(h) (settle → deal) conclure;∎ we closed a deal with them last week nous avons conclu un accord avec eux la semaine dernière(i) (move closer together) serrer, rapprocher;∎ Military close ranks! serrez les rangs!;∎ figurative the party closed ranks behind their leader le parti a serré les rangs derrière le leader∎ this window doesn't close properly cette fenêtre ne ferme pas bien ou ferme mal;∎ the door closed quietly behind them la porte s'est refermée sans bruit derrière eux;∎ the bakery closes on Fridays la boulangerie ferme le vendredi(b) (wound, opening) se refermer;∎ the gap was closing fast l'écart diminuait rapidement(c) (cover, surround)∎ the waves closed over him les vagues se refermèrent sur lui;∎ the onlookers closed around us un cercle de curieux se forma autour de nous;∎ my fingers closed around the gun mes doigts se resserrèrent sur le revolver∎ I closed with a reference to Rimbaud j'ai terminé par une référence à Rimbaud(e) Stock Exchange clôturer;∎ the shares closed at 420p les actions ont clôturé ou terminé à 420 pence;∎ the share index closed two points down l'indice (boursier) a clôturé en baisse de deux points3 nounfin f, conclusion f; (of day) tombée f; Stock Exchange (on financial futures market) clôture f; (closing price) cours m de clôture;∎ at close of business à la ou en clôture;∎ the concert came to a close le concert s'acheva;∎ the year drew to a close l'année s'acheva;∎ it's time to draw the meeting to a close il est temps de mettre fin à cette réunion;∎ towards the close of the century vers la fin du siècle;∎ at close of play (in cricket) à la fin du match►► Computing close box case f de fermeture;British close season Hunting fermeture f de la chasse; Fishing fermeture f de la pêche; Football intersaison f(a) (business, factory) fermer;∎ the shop had to close down le magasin a dû fermer(business, factory) fermer;∎ they had to close down their shop ils ont dû fermer leur magasin∎ to close in on or upon se rapprocher de;∎ the hunters closed in on their prey les chasseurs se rapprochèrent de leur proie;∎ the police/his creditors are closing in l'étau de la police/de ses créanciers se resserre∎ darkness closed in on us la nuit nous enveloppaisoler, fermer;∎ the area was closed off to the public le quartier était fermé au public;∎ some of the rooms in the house have been closed off certaines pièces de la maison ont été fermées;∎ Accountancy to close off an account arrêter un comptese rapprocher de;∎ we were closing on them fast nous nous rapprochions d'eux rapidement(b) (complete successfully → game, competition) remporter;∎ to close it out l'emporter∎ to close a position boucler ou clore ou fermer une position➲ close up(c) (shop, house) fermer(b) (shopkeeper) fermer(a) (finalize deal with) conclure un marché avec
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